The Population and Housing Census 2023 is the third census conducted in Albania since the 1990s and the 12th in the history of the census in the country since 1913. The census is the largest and one of the most complex statistical activities conducted by the Institute of Statistics every decade. Throughout their history, censuses provided valuable data to inform policies, guide development, and understand the changing needs of our population. More recently, the Census provides crucial information for measuring the Sustainable Development Goals. The conduct of the Census also fulfilled the condition for opening the negotiation for the European integration process. The results of the Census will be used for providing the required statistics to be part of the European statistical system in the future.